Prevalence of Peptic Ulcer Disease and Dietary Pattern among Students of a Private University in Nigeria
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Peptic Ulcer Disease, University Students, Triggers, Lifestyle, Dietary Habits
Abstract
Background: Despite advancements in the medical management of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD), its prevalence persists as a significant health concern, especially in Western Sub-Saharan Africa.
Aims: This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of PUD among university students and to investigate the dietary habits of affected individuals.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 340 students recruited from five faculties at a private university in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data pertaining to socio-demographics, PUD history, identified triggers, and dietary habits were collected using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Version 26), employing descriptive statistics to summarize findings and Spearman’s correlation to assess associations between variables.
Results: The observed prevalence of PUD among the 340 university students was 12.4%. Among those with PUD, a substantial majority were female (87.8%), with 43.9% being in their fourth year of study. Approximately half (51.2%) of the respondents reported experiencing PUD crises 1–3 days per week. More than half were currently on medication, and 12.2% had received prior treatment. Key identified triggers included starvation (90.2%), stress (80.5%), and specific food items (85.4%). Regarding dietary habits, 63.4% occasionally consumed hot spicy foods, 68.3% drank carbonated beverages, 39.0% consumed fatty foods 2–3 times per week, and 29.3% consumed energy drinks. Notably, sex, family history, starvation, and stress demonstrated a significant negative correlation with the frequency of crises (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study elucidates the prevalence of PUD within the university student population and underscores the critical role of lifestyle factors in both the management and prevention of PUD crises within the academic community.
Keywords: Peptic Ulcer Disease; University Students; Triggers; Lifestyle; Dietary Habits.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ifeoluwa O. Bodunde, Elizabeth O. Aleru, Goodness Oluwafemi
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